The Death of Health Care Quality

By Evan Falchuk

It should be easy to define health care quality: did the patient get the right diagnosis and treatment?

But it’s not. And it’s because of something Al Gore wrote about in the 1990s.

Government, Gore said, gives consumers the lowest priority:

The first priority was the rules; the second was those who checked whether the rules were being followed…; the third was those who made the rules in the fist place…Customers came last, if at all. It was a sort of “iron triangle” — special interests told Congress what “the people” wanted; Congress passed laws, and then told the agencies what to do about them.

Gore was talking about something very analogous to health care quality: worker safety. The government spent decades trying to improve safety by measuring not by whether they could lower their accident rates, but by whether they could follow thousands of pages of rules. The question of safety had become lost and accident rates didn’t drop.

It’s happening now in health care.

The government says that quality means getting the right care. But there are signs of creeping OSHA-ization: it also says (same link) that quality means striking “the right balance” by avoiding “underuse,” “overuse,” and “misuse.”

And so the government has catalogued almost 1,500 new “quality measures” to define that “right balance.” No provider could possibly be aware of all of these measures, how they might apply to their patient, or have any sense of how they might end up being used to measure them. Worse, no consumer can possibly understand what they mean.

Patients aren’t interested in the right balance, just the right care.

  • http://healthblawg.typepad.com David Harlow

    A while back, I discussed the proliferation of measures with Leah Binder, CEO of the
    Leapfrog Group, which has been looking to a much more limited — but equally predictive — set of quality measures. For more, see http://bit.ly/VWPKf

    I would agree that the focus needs to be on patient care, not on measures, but at the same time there is value in some of the measures to the extent that they contain learning from evidence-based medicine.

  • http://www.xprize.org/wellpoint Vijay Goel, M.D.

    It’s amazing how many process metrics and guidelines have invaded the space as indicators of “quality”. The problem is that their proponents are attempting to lock in their tool as a solution, rather than defining the right goal for health and then getting there the best way possible.

    We’re trying to change that as we define “Health” for a Healthcare X PRIZE competition. Let us know what you think of our outcome-only approach that incorporates community, allied, and medical solutions to the betterment of health in communities.

  • efalchuk

    Thanks for the thoughtful comments, gents.

    Another concern is how the quality measures will end up being used.

    Clever insurers are probably looking at them and thinking what they might mean for coverage decisions.

    Some enterprising med mal attorney is probably looking at them, too, and thinking of how they can be used to show how the doctor he is suing failed to follow the standard of care.

    And hospital compliance people are probably thinking if they made rules to implement these measures they might ward off lawsuits.

    Meanwhile, doctors and patients become buried under a mass of new processes and procedures.

    Is quality improved?

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  • http://www.mysafetyprogram.com Neal Lester

    I don’t think that “accident rates didn’t drop” is quite right. Accident rates have gone down consistently since the start of WWII. OSHA hasn’t changed the rate of decrease. See the graph on the top of page 175 of this book: http://books.google.com/books?id=1ixRxAsdLKwC&pg=PA175&dq=united+states+historical+occupational+injury+rates+1950+1960+1970+1980+1990+2000

  • http://twitter.com/efalchuk Evan Falchuk

    Good point, Neal. I could have been more precise in my description. It of course puts further into question the value of all the billions spent on OSHA if there were other, more important factors. I assume that the opportunity to save money on work comp and disability premiums were among the bigger drivers of these improved safety records?

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  • "Medicine is learned by the bedside and not in the class room. Let not your conception of manifestations of disease come from work heard in the lecture room or read from the book: see and then research, compare and control. But see first."
    - Sir William Osler, MD
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